Digital Vaults
Overview
Digital Vaults are secure, programmable containers that combine TEE-backed execution with MPC key management to provide institutional-grade protection for digital assets while enabling complex licensing logic.
What is a Digital Vault?
A Digital Vault is a cryptographically sealed container that:
- Stores encrypted assets (audio, video, images, documents)
- Enforces licensing rules (usage restrictions, royalty calculations)
- Manages fractional ownership (splits, transfers, inheritance)
- Provides access control (who can access, when, under what conditions)
- Maintains audit trails (all access logged immutably)
Key Insight: The asset never leaves the vault in plaintext except inside TEE enclaves when authorized access occurs.
Architecture
┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Digital Vault │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Vault Container (TEE-backed) │
│ ├── Encrypted Asset Storage │
│ ├── License Engine │
│ ├── Ownership Registry │
│ ├── Access Control │
│ └── Audit Log │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Key Management (MPC) │
│ ├── Key Share 1 (TEE Node A) │
│ ├── Key Share 2 (TEE Node B) │
│ ├── Key Share 3 (TEE Node C) │
│ └── Threshold: 3-of-5 │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ On-Chain State (PRVNZ Blockchain) │
│ ├── Vault ID │
│ ├── Content Hash │
│ ├── Terms Hash │
│ ├── Owner Address │
│ └── State Root │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘Vault Lifecycle
1. Creation
# Pseudocode
async def create_vault(asset, terms, royalties):
# Generate vault ID
vault_id = generate_uuid()
# Hash asset for verification
content_hash = sha256(asset)
# Generate encryption key via MPC
encryption_key = await mpc_network.generate_key(
vault_id=vault_id,
threshold=3,
total_shares=5
)
# Encrypt asset
encrypted_asset = aes_gcm_encrypt(asset, encryption_key)
# Store encrypted asset off-chain
storage_url = await storage.upload(encrypted_asset)
# Hash licensing terms
terms_hash = sha256(terms)
# Record on-chain
vault_record = {
"vault_id": vault_id,
"content_hash": content_hash,
"terms_hash": terms_hash,
"storage_url": storage_url,
"owner": msg.sender,
"created_at": timestamp()
}
await prvnz_chain.create_vault(vault_record)
return vault_id2. Access
async def access_vault(vault_id, user_address):
# Verify license
license = await prvnz_chain.get_license(vault_id, user_address)
if not license.is_valid():
raise PermissionDenied("No valid license")
# Retrieve encrypted asset
encrypted_asset = await storage.download(vault_id)
# Reconstruct decryption key in TEE
decryption_key = await mpc_network.reconstruct_key(
vault_id=vault_id,
required_shares=3
)
# Decrypt in TEE enclave
plaintext_asset = await tee.decrypt_in_enclave(
encrypted_asset,
decryption_key
)
# Log access
await prvnz_chain.log_access(vault_id, user_address)
return plaintext_assetLicensing Engine
License Types
1. Exclusive License
{
"type": "exclusive",
"territory": ["US", "CA"],
"duration": "2025-01-01 to 2030-12-31",
"restrictions": ["no sublicensing"],
"royalty": {
"type": "fixed",
"amount": 10000 // $100 USD equivalent in BTC
}
}2. Non-Exclusive License
{
"type": "non-exclusive",
"territory": "worldwide",
"duration": "perpetual",
"restrictions": ["personal use only"],
"royalty": {
"type": "per-use",
"amount": 100 // $1 per use
}
}3. Royalty-Bearing License
{
"type": "royalty-bearing",
"territory": "worldwide",
"duration": "perpetual",
"royalty": {
"type": "percentage",
"rate": 0.05, // 5% of revenue
"minimum": 1000, // $10 minimum
"payment_schedule": "quarterly"
}
}Fractional Ownership
Ownership Registry
class OwnershipRegistry:
def __init__(self, vault_id):
self.vault_id = vault_id
self.owners = {} # address -> percentage
def add_owner(self, address, percentage):
if percentage <= 0 or percentage > 1.0:
raise ValueError("Invalid percentage")
total = sum(self.owners.values()) + percentage
if total > 1.0:
raise ValueError("Total ownership exceeds 100%")
self.owners[address] = percentage
def transfer(self, from_address, to_address, percentage):
if from_address not in self.owners:
raise KeyError("Not an owner")
if self.owners[from_address] < percentage:
raise ValueError("Insufficient ownership stake")
# Deduct from sender
self.owners[from_address] -= percentage
if self.owners[from_address] == 0:
del self.owners[from_address]
# Add to receiver
if to_address in self.owners:
self.owners[to_address] += percentage
else:
self.owners[to_address] = percentageRoyalty Distribution
class RoyaltyDistributor:
async def distribute_royalties(self, vault_id, revenue):
# Get ownership registry
registry = await self.get_registry(vault_id)
# Calculate distributions
distributions = {}
for owner, percentage in registry.get_owners().items():
amount = revenue * percentage
distributions[owner] = amount
# Execute transfers
for owner, amount in distributions.items():
await self.transfer_funds(
vault_id=vault_id,
to=owner,
amount=amount
)
# Log distribution
await self.log_royalty_payment(
vault_id=vault_id,
recipient=owner,
amount=amount,
timestamp=now()
)Access Control
Permission Model
class AccessControl:
PERMISSIONS = [
"READ", # View metadata
"ACCESS", # Access content
"TRANSFER", # Transfer ownership
"LICENSE", # Grant licenses
"UPDATE", # Modify content
"DELETE" # Delete vault (rare)
]
def grant_permission(self, address, permission):
if permission not in self.PERMISSIONS:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid permission: {permission}")
if address not in self.acl:
self.acl[address] = []
if permission not in self.acl[address]:
self.acl[address].append(permission)
def has_permission(self, address, permission):
return address in self.acl and permission in self.acl[address]Hash-Based Verification
Content Integrity
class ContentVerifier:
async def verify_integrity(self, vault_id):
# Get on-chain hash
on_chain_hash = await prvnz_chain.get_content_hash(vault_id)
# Download asset
encrypted_asset = await storage.download(vault_id)
# Decrypt in TEE
decryption_key = await mpc_network.reconstruct_key(vault_id)
plaintext_asset = await tee.decrypt_in_enclave(
encrypted_asset,
decryption_key
)
# Compute hash
computed_hash = sha256(plaintext_asset)
# Compare
if computed_hash != on_chain_hash:
raise IntegrityError("Asset hash mismatch")
return TrueStorage Options
Off-Chain Storage Backends
- IPFS: Content-addressed storage
- Arweave: Permanent storage
- S3-compatible: AWS, GCP, Azure
- Self-hosted: For institutional users
Use Cases
Music Production
# Create vault for master recording
vault_id = await create_vault(
asset=master_audio_file,
terms={
"type": "master_recording",
"artist": "Artist Name",
"splits": {
"producer": 0.30,
"artist": 0.50,
"label": 0.20
}
},
royalties={
"streaming": 0.006, # per stream
"download": 0.99, # per download
"sync": 5000 # sync license fee
}
)Film Production
# Create vault for film
vault_id = await create_vault(
asset=film_file,
terms={
"type": "film",
"title": "Film Title",
"ownership": {
"director": 0.25,
"investors": [
{"address": "0x123", "stake": 0.40},
{"address": "0x456", "stake": 0.35}
]
}
},
royalties={
"box_office": 0.50, # 50% of net revenue
"streaming": 0.30, # 30% of streaming revenue
"merchandise": 0.10 # 10% of merchandise
}
)Security Considerations
Threat Model
Protected Against:
- Unauthorized access (encryption + access control)
- Content tampering (hash verification)
- Key extraction (MPC + TEE)
- Single point of failure (distributed keys)
- Insider attacks (audit trails + attestation)
Best Practices
- Always verify content hash before trusting asset
- Use hardware wallets for high-value vaults
- Enable audit logging for compliance
- Regular key rotation (90-day cycles)
- Monitor access patterns for anomalies